Breastfeeding: the practical playbook (latch, pain, supply)

Breastfeeding is a natural process, but it's also a learned skill for both you and your baby. This practical playbook covers the three key areas where parents often need the most support: getting a good latch, managing pain, and understanding milk supply.

Many parents assume that breastfeeding should be easy and painless from the very start. When challenges arise, many feel like they are failing, when in reality, most breastfeeding journeys involve a significant learning curve. Knowing the basics can help you navigate this period with more confidence.

A deep and comfortable latch is the key to successful breastfeeding. A good latch is typically asymmetrical, with the baby's mouth covering more of the areola below the nipple than above it. You might see their lips flanged out, and their chin pressed into your breast. If a latch feels shallow or pinchy, it's okay to gently break the suction with your finger and try again. It can take many attempts for you and your baby to find your rhythm.

While some initial tenderness can be normal as your body adjusts, breastfeeding should not be a painful, toe-curling experience. Persistent pain is a sign that something needs to be adjusted. It is often caused by a shallow latch, but it can also be related to other issues. If you are experiencing cracking, bleeding, or intense pain throughout feedings, it is a clear signal to seek help.

In the early weeks, your milk supply works on a "supply and demand" basis: the more frequently and effectively your baby removes milk, the more milk your body will make. It's very common to worry if you are making "enough", but the most reliable indicators of a good supply are your baby's output (plenty of wet and dirty diapers) and their steady weight gain. The amount you can pump is not an accurate measure of your overall supply.

For any and all challenges with breastfeeding, the best step you can take is to work with an International Board-Certified Lactation Consultant (IBCLC). They are the experts in providing personalised, hands-on support to help you solve problems and meet your feeding goals.

A gentle reminder: The content in this article is for informational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your pediatrician or another qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. If you are facing a problem that feels sharp, persistent, or overwhelming, reaching out for professional help is a sign of strength.